Rising Tensions Between Australia and China in the South China Sea: Is Australia Pursuing a “Transparency Strategy”?

Is the Trump Administration Taking Freedom of Navigation Less Seriously?

The 2023-2025 Red Sea Crisis and Implications for the Indo-Pacific

The Red Sea is one of the world's most heavily trafficked shipping lanes, with around 30% of global container traffic regularly passing through each year1. However, it also faces multiple maritime security issues. The 2023-2025 Red Sea crisis, which accumulates multiple layers of threats in the maritime domain, originates from deeper regional tension, and is implicated by big powers’ interference and...

International Law and Critical Infrastructure: The Merits and the Gaps

There has not been a universal definition of “critical infrastructure” in maritime domain, but many can agree that such concept should include fixed platforms, including installations, and submarine cables . To protect these two types of infrastructure, the sole subjects of this essay, international law has introduced several instruments, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the...

Will "One Theater" Concept Work?

SCO25: A Strategic Success for China?

Chinese Survey Vessel in the "Extended Continental Shelf" of the U.S: Legal or not?

How International Law Addresses Piracy and Current Limits

International law addresses piracy through various ways, especially via the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (hereby referred to as UNCLOS) as well as multiple instruments under the International Maritime Organization (IMO), including treaties, guidelines, codes of conducts or recommendations, etc. These documents provide the definition of piracy and how parties should address...

Is China's "Grey Zone" in the South China Sea No Longer Effective?

Is the U.S. Falling Behind in the Shipbuilding Race with China?